Mark Poynter
Hardware retailing giant, Bunnings has announced that it will immediately ban the sale of hardwood products derived from locally grown native forest logs sourced from the Victorian Government’s commercial forestry agency, VicForests.
In announcing the ban, Bunnings merchandising director, Phil Bishop, noted that the retail giant had a “zero-tolerance approach” to illegally logged timber, and justified the company’s decision on a recent Federal Court ruling which had found VicForests guilty of breaching Victoria’s Code of Practice for Timber Production. According to Mr Bishop, this was contrary to their customer’s expectations that “the timber they purchase is sourced from responsible and legal forestry operations”.
Illegal logging is generally characterised as secretive felling of trees and extraction of logs from lands where it is not legally permitted; and involves operations that are unapproved, un-planned, unsupervised, non-compliant to environmental regulations, and with no attempt made to regenerate the harvested site.
However, none of this applies to VicForests’ timber production operations which are legally approved, pre-planned, highly regulated, regenerated after harvest, and occur only in State Forest zones which allow sustainable timber production.
Nevertheless, the recent Federal Court decision effectively rules that VicForests’ past and planned future timber harvesting operations are ‘unlawful’ even if not matching the accepted view of illegal logging, largely because they breach a clause in the Code of Practice relating to the ‘precautionary principle’ in relation to two endangered wildlife species.
The Victorian Code of Practice defines the ‘precautionary principle’ as:
‘precautionary principle’ means when contemplating decisions that will affect the environment, careful evaluation of management options be undertaken to wherever practical avoid serious or irreversible damage to the environment; and to properly assess the risk-weighted consequences of various options. When dealing with threats of serious or irreversible environmental damage, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing measures to prevent environmental degradation.
While the Federal Court ruling represents a Judge’s adverse interpretation of the degree to which VicForests adheres to the ‘precautionary principle’ clause, it is worth noting that the clause has been part of the Code of Practice for at least 13 years.
Over this period, VicForests’ planning, protocols and practices have been certified to the world’s largest forest certification scheme, involving regular independent audits which have never raised any serious questions about its adherence to the Code’s ‘precautionary principle’ clause.
VicForests has, for at least five years, been also endeavouring to obtain Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification in accordance with a Victorian Government directive meant to appease ‘green’ activist stakeholders who prefer that certification scheme.
VicForests has yet to attain FSC certification primarily because these stakeholders have maintained multiple overlapping legal challenges against VicForests safe in the knowledge that the FSC cannot certify an entity while it is constantly defending itself against allegations of malpractice, irrespective of their merit.
Also, since 2014, in accordance with the recommendations of the Victorian Government’s Leadbeater’s Possum Advisory Group, VicForests has substantially increased the effort taken to identify the presence of threatened species prior to timber harvesting and to then exclude harvesting from places where they are found. The relative abundance of these ostensibly threatened species has led to substantial areas of new reserves being created which has reduced the already limited portion of suitable forest to which VicForests has access, and, along with the impact of recent bushfires, this has decreased the annual timber harvest to low levels not seen since World War Two.
It is also pertinent to point out that the vast majority of Victoria’s public forests and their wildlife are already contained in reserves that won’t be logged and are therefore are under no threat from VicForests’ operations. Indeed, as only 6% of Victoria’s 7.1 million hectares of public native forest is being managed for timber supply on a long-term cycle of harvest and regrowth, it is fanciful to claim that VicForests’ operations have any significant impact on the whole of any local environmental value.
Indeed, such a proportionally limited level of activity could only be considered as a ‘serious or irreversible threat’ to any environmental value if such background context is ignored. This is arguably what the Federal Court’s 400-page ruling is based on, given its unhealthy over-reliance on ANU scientific papers which have typically ignored or grossly overstated the scale and proportional extent of timber production.
It has been clear since the Federal Court’s ruling was announced in late May that there are very strong grounds to appeal against how it has re-interpreted VicForests’ adherence to the Code of Practice in a manner that is so out-of-step with the past.
VicForests has now announced that such an appeal will proceed, and it is not over-stating things to say that unless over-turned, the current ruling will set a precedent that will end native hardwood timber production across the nation. This would come at the cost of thousands of jobs in rural and regional communities where alternative job opportunities are either absent or very limited.
The anger directed at Bunnings is because:
- they have banned Victorian native hardwood timbers before waiting for the outcome of an appeal against the standing of the Federal Court ruling;
- they have publicly announced their stance thereby creating a media ‘pile-on’ which adds to the existential pressure on the hardwood timber industry; and
- because of their double standards in railing against one source of timber on spurious grounds whilst continuing to stock and sell imported wood products of far more problematic provenance.
Since announcing their Victorian timber ban, Bunnings have responded to questions about where they will source hardwood timber by advising that they will continue to stock native hardwood timbers produced from interstate forests. This demonstrates a lack of understanding, because unless this ruling is overturned there will be no interstate timber industry left, and Bunnings will have to source all of their hardwood products from developing countries where environmental protection is far more problematic.
That they already sell large volumes of imported rainforest hardwoods, such as merbau and meranti, leaves Bunnings vulnerable to claims of hypocrisy.
For example, merbau is one of Bunnings biggest sellers, but is classified by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as “facing a high risk of extinction in the wild” with an additional note that: “The species has been exploited so intensively for timber that few sizeable natural stands remain”.
In comparison, mountain ash – the only Victorian hardwood (ie. VicAsh) sold by Bunnings – still occupies 97% of its pre-European range from where it is harvested in central Victoria, and as a species, is IUCN-rated as “of least concern” defined as ‘wide-spread and abundant’.
Bunnings and other corporate retailers of Australian hardwood products are constantly being lobbied by eco-activist groups pressuring them to rebrand themselves as ‘green’ by stepping away from products that are portrayed as being steeped in environmental destruction.
To counter any misleading propaganda, VicForests have taken the time and effort to show Bunnings in the field how Victorian timber production is planned, regulated and conducted; and its very limited proportional extent in a forested landscape that is mostly already reserved for biodiversity conservation. Presumably this has also included pointing out the substantial role that the forest industry has always played in fighting destructive bushfires that pose the greatest threat to Victorian biodiversity.
Given that Bunnings is aware of these truths, it seems that their Victorian timber ban is little more than a cynical attempt to re-position their brand as friendly to its ‘environmentally-aware’ customers. It is hard not to view this as an exercise in shallow virtue-signalling with potentially dire repercussions for an Australian regional industry, but with precious little, if any, real conservation benefit. Is this what Bunnings’ customers really want?
Mark Poynter is a professional forester with 40 years experience. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Foresters of Australia and his book, Going Green: Forests, fire, and a flawed conservation culture, was published by Connor Court in July 2018. Bushfires and logging: Crusading ecologists eroding public trust in science.
